A while ago some colleagues attended a lecture where the presenter introduced the idea that applications may not take full advantage of the multi-core servers which are available today. The idea was that if you have two cores but a process which is running on a single thread, then all the work is done on one single core. Application servers help in this respect, because they handle multiple incoming requests simultaneously, by starting a new thread for each request. So if the server has two cores it can really handle two requests simultaneously, or if it has 6 cores, it can handle 6 requests simultanously. So multi-core CPUs can help the performance of your server if you have multiple simultaneous requests, which is often the case when your server is running near its limit. But it's not often the case that you want your servers running close to the limit, so you typically scale out, by adding more nodes to your server cluster, which has a similar effect to adding cores to the CPU (you can continue to handle multiple requests simultaneously). So once you have scaled up by adding more cores, and scaled out by adding more servers, how can you improve performance? Some processes can be designed to be non-serial, especially in enterprise scenarios. The Wikipedia article on multi-core processors talks about this. Imagine a process which gathers data from multiple systems while preparing the data which it responds with. An example would be a pricing system. Imagine…